IVC and the right pleural effusion
In a twitter poll asking what the arrow was pointing to in this image, only ~54% answered correctly. The correct answer is right pleural effusion. Below illustration explains why the […]
Not every black tube in the subxiphoid window is IVC or aorta
Occasionally, duodenum may be confused with inferior vena cava on subxiphoid scans. This typically happens when the duodenum is distended with fluid (appears as anechoic tubular structure) and the physician […]
Jellyfish in the pleural effusion after CPR
Here is an image of the right pleural effusion obtained from a dialysis patient who suffered a cardiac arrest and being evaluated by nephrology for continuous renal replacement therapy. Below […]
VExUS + POCUS in Acute Kidney Injury: Recorded Lectures
Here is the video comprising of two presentations given during the MetroHealth Emergency Medicine Grand Rounds, December 2020. Lecture 1: (starts 00:00) – Bedside assessment of venous congestion: VExUS by […]
What is VExUS?
VExUS is venous excess ultrasound grading system intended to quantify systemic venous congestion, which is particularly important in patients with tenuous fluid volume status (e.g. those with right sided heart […]
Basics of Doppler Ultrasound
Doppler ultrasonography (DUS) is used to identify the blood flow, quantify it as well as evaluate the flow pattern. In Nephrology practice, it is mainly used in the assessment of […]
The RV inflow view
Getting a good apical window is not always feasible, and that can be frustrating when you are specifically trying to assess tricuspid regurgitation. This becomes particularly relevant in nephrology, where […]
Peri-aortic lymphoma seen on echocardiogram
Below are more echo images, mostly atypical views obtained from 4th – 5th intercostal space.
Venous congestion (VExUS) webinar
There has been a lot of interest in venous congestion assessment (using POCUS) lately, thanks to the landmark paper by Beaubien-Souligny et al. and efforts of the FOAMed educators campaigning against […]
How to get certified in POCUS?
(Updated 2025) This is one of the commonest questions I get. First, as previously mentioned, the American College of Emergency Physicians policy statement on emergency ultrasound recommends that a trainee […]